Smd Transistor
Ceramic Application Of New Areas
China Electronic Components Industry Association Electronic Ceramics and Devices Branch
80s of last century, with the development of China’s electronic industry and civilian needs, household electrical appliances in the right ceramic filters and ceramic resonators demand for the rapid increase in Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Province and the Shanghai Radio 999 plants at the same time the introduction of a factory in Japan Murata piezoelectric ceramic frequency component production line, from the curtain of a piezoelectric ceramic products in China by a large number of military to civilian production of the prelude. Through the exploration and the introduction of the line digestion Japan advanced materials and processes, many domestic small and medium manufacturers of piezoelectric ceramics has been developed rapidly, such as Zhejiang CapitaCommercial Electronics (Jiaxing Xinhua original pottery factory), Jiangsu Jia-electronics, Wuxi Baotong Electronics, Suzhou Jie Jia electronics. CapitaCommercial was main products are electronic piezoelectric ceramic buzzer, the monthly output in the last 10 million, through the introduction of advanced technology lines, digestion, absorption and increased domestic production will soon become the largest and most complete variety of high-frequency devices manufacturer of piezoelectric ceramic devices in 2007 reached 715 million. Jiangsu, Jia-e-start production of small quantities of multi-chip ceramic filter, and now has developed into the largest domestic manufacturer of IF ceramic filter, to 2007, annual output had reached 467 million.
Ceramic materials to achieve great development
Looking back at the development of piezoelectric ceramic industry 20 years ago, only Shandong University, Tsinghua University, South China Institute of Technology, Tianjin University, Sichuan University, Shanghai Science and several universities such as piezoelectric materials and applications with professional, Shanghai Silicate Institute of Power Technology Research Institute and the Group of 7, built 26 research institutes and application of piezoelectric ceramic materials research, production and factories only radio ceramics factory in Zibo, Shandong, the main projects carried out mostly with the military product-related. Involving only the mass production of civilian products of piezoelectric ceramic buzzers and ignition, a small amount for post and telecommunications of the multi-chip ceramic filter, mechanical filter, for acoustic and ultrasonic transducer such as piezoelectric ceramics.
Various types of piezoelectric devices in order to meet the different requirements on material properties, materials, researchers have conducted extensive studies of modified additives developed a large number of high-performance piezoelectric ceramic materials.
Lead titanate ceramics (PT)
The late 90s of last century, in order to meet the manufacturer for more than 10MHz high-frequency ceramic filters and ceramic resonators needs, materials researchers titanate ceramic materials by using a small amount of lanthanum oxide to replace, and add the amount of manganese, niobium, cerium ions, to be the high-frequency response is good, excellent temperature stability of modified lead titanate ceramic materials, their electrical properties with the same period in Japan’s Murata very similar materials. It also developed a suitable for high-temperature ultrasonic transducer lead titanate piezoelectric ceramic materials, the successful use of the environment for high-temperature oil flow meters deep detection and so on.
Lead zirconate titanate ceramic (PZT)
80s of last century, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi and Shanghai Radio 999 plants at the same time the introduction of a factory in Japan Murata piezoelectric ceramic frequency components, production line, the main raw material provided by Japan, which gives the domestic mass production and lower costs resulted in greater difficulty, in order to break the Foreign blockade, through research and development and improvement of PZT material, and soon realized the localization of material formulation, self-development of electrical properties of PZT piezoelectric ceramic materials are entirely meet the requirements. Then they worked out a variety of bandwidth for different PZT piezoelectric ceramic materials.
Ternary ceramics
The past 20 years, China ternary Modification of piezoelectric ceramic materials have done a great deal of continued research, testing a variety of combinations of elements to replace and add, expand many modified ternary, quaternary, and multi-line materials, such as: PCM-PZT, PMS-PZT, PNZ-PNS-PZT, PMS-PNZ-PNS-PZT, etc. These materials have different properties, can meet a variety of needs, so that the application of piezoelectric ceramic surface to be rapid expansion.
Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics
The piezoelectric ceramics contain high levels of lead, the manufacturing process will lead to environmental pollution, in order to reduce pollution, domestic and foreign researchers to carry out a lead-free piezoelectric ceramics research department, and lead compared to Department of piezoelectric ceramic materials, lead-free system significantly different from the performance of piezoelectric ceramic lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, such as lead-free piezoelectric ceramics department at about the Curie point higher than 200 ℃ ~ 300 ℃, the dielectric constant is only 140 ~ 150, mechanical quality factor as high as 4000 ~ 7000. However, lead-free piezoelectric ceramics for electromechanical coupling coefficient of performance such as the far less lead in ceramics, coupled with manufacturing process difficult to control, so lead-free piezoelectric ceramics applied only in some specific areas, their study is still ongoing.
Rapid infiltration
After 20 years of development, today, a complete range of piezoelectric ceramic products, not only widely used in military and industrial fields, but also penetrated into every corner of people’s daily lives. Its application field mainly to the following five aspects:
First, the frequency control device. Developed rapidly in recent years, there are ceramic resonators, ceramic filters, as well as tuning fork filters, mechanical filters, ceramic Discriminator, notch filter and the delay line. One ceramic resonator, ceramic filters production of piezoelectric ceramic products in China already accounts for 65% or more, quite compelling. In particular, ceramic resonator has a high stability, without regulation, small size and low cost. Typical applications include: televisions, camcorders, computers, CD-ROM drive, Auto Electric, VCD, telephone, copier, voice synthesizer, remote controls and toys.
Second, the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer. Piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is a transmitting and receiving ultrasonic acoustic devices in the water and air media widely used. In underwater acoustic communication played the role of the radar, known as the sonar is essential for all kinds of ships important sensors. In industry, ultrasonic transducers have been used in ultrasonic cleaning, ultrasonic machining, ultrasonic humidifier, ultrasonic emulsification, ultrasonic seed treatment, ultrasonic flaw detection, and ultrasound diagnostics. Today, piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, another widely used area of telemetry, remote control systems and alarm systems.
Third, the piezoelectric sound generator. Piezoelectric and illustrated the typical product is the piezoelectric and piezoelectric buzzer to send, receiver, watches, calculators, electronic alarm clock, small alarm and telephone, cell phone ringing are inseparable from the buzzer. With a transistor oscillator circuit and DC power supply may issue a continuous buzzer sounds, with a switching circuit may be issued intermittent buzzer sounds, belonging to the underwater acoustic transducer microphone and speakers can also be used to expel or to lure fish.
Fourth, measurement and control of piezoelectric devices. Measurement and control of piezoelectric devices are pressure, acceleration, angular rate sensors and ultrasonic sounding, ultrasonic thickness measurement, ultrasonic velocity measurements, ultrasound diagnostics.
Fifth, the piezoelectric ignition and piezoelectric transformers. Start mass production in 1965, piezo ignition, the past 20 years to get faster development, China is now almost all the gas stove, bathroom gas boiler, gas room heaters, gas water heaters, and cigarette lighters are piezoelectric ignition. Piezoelectric transformer has a simple structure, small size, transformer is high and a high electromechanical conversion efficiency, no electromagnetic interference and security advantages, it is used for electrostatic smoke detectors, negative ion generators, electrostatic coating equipment, electrostatic copiers, electric field treatment instrument and LCD backlight and so on.
SAW formed a complete system for
SAW devices are a hot field of electronic ceramic products. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) is spread along a surface elastic waves, acoustic surface of China’s technology development started in 1970, after 37 years of research and development, has been basically formed from the theoretical study of crystal materials growth and processing, device design and production, as well as system applications a complete system.
Surface acoustic wave technology development in China can be divided into three stages: the first stage, surface acoustic wave technology in the development and application of the military field. SAW technology development in all countries of the initial impetus comes from defense and military areas, China is no exception; radar, communications, navigation and electronic countermeasures Dengjun use a wide variety of SAW signal processing devices. The second stage, the acoustic wave technology to the table the field of radio and television. The third stage, SAW technology in modern communications.
Surface Acoustic Wave in China has experienced 30 years of development, the emergence of more than 30 large and small manufacturing enterprises, although many manufacturers, but the technical level and scale of production is limited, in addition to the first 26,55 and Power Technology Research Institute, Germany, Tsinghua University Young Electronics Co., Ltd., Wuxi Good Electronics Co., Ltd., the production technology, size and product categories have a certain advantage, over those small-scale, mainly in production of TV IF filters, resonators, and filters and other technological requirements intercom relative lower product-based, product and low price.
From the product packaging point of view, TV IF SAW filters move from the metal package Molded Package direction, because of Molded package with small size and light weight characteristics, especially in an integrated tuner that can demonstrate its superiority , many domestic enterprises have developed their own production of plastic products, from the scale point of view, Wuxi Good Electronics Co., Ltd. and China Light and Power Technology Co., Ltd. Deqing Huaying Electronics Plastic products occupy a larger market share.
SMD products are now able to mass production of domestic minimum size of 3mm × 3mm, the main production units are in the power of technology 55, Deqing Huaying, 26, and a good Electronics Co., Ltd., Wuxi. RF filters are now a mainstream product packages are based on the 2.5mm × 2.0mm below the flip-chip technology, so domestic production is currently SAWRF filter a lot of restrictions, due to cost, technology and other factors, the domestic several powerful research institutes and production enterprises are still not in narrowing the product packaging for further investment plans, Nanyang Golden Crown Group, has invested some of the flip-chip devices, but not with productivity.
As the market competition, the current SAW profitability for the industry as a whole is generally not high, the largest market for mobile RF filter has been in maintaining the level of production, loss of investment opportunities. To the future in the industry to survive a certain position, we must, through their own technological progress, and continuously improve product yield, reduce production costs, improve product quality, increase productivity scale. We believe that our industry in the future development of SAW, you can do the following several aspects: first, to enhance mutual cooperation and resource integration within. Second, the expansion of international technical cooperation. Third, actively explore new fields of application. Surface Acoustic Wave Technology In addition to the current conventional applications, there is the sensor, radio frequency-based other (RFID), etc. some of the special purpose.
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